RESEARCH AND GIVE THE FULL DETAILS OF THE FOLLOWING PHILIPPINES HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS,KKK KARTILYA,,MAGELLAN VOYAGE

 RESEARCH AND GIVE THE FULL DETAILS OF THE FOLLOWING PHILIPPINES HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS.

1.Magellan First Voyage Around the World.

2.The KKK's Kartilya ng Katipunan.

3.Proclamation of Philippines Independence.

Research#1.

This is the 12 teachings in Kartilya ng Katipunan.

Kartilya ng Katipunan 

ni Emilio Jacinto 

 (Jacinto,Emilio.Kartilya ng Katipunan.Presidential Museum and Libary,2013)

10 Facts or Information.

1.This is a Kartilya ng Katipunan document photo from Presidential Museum and Libary.

2.The document author was Emilio Jacinto.This photo was uploaded by the Presidential Museum and Library last 2013.

3.Kartilya ng Katipunan serve as guidebook for the new member of the organization (K,K,K).

4.It was Andres Bonifacio who first formulated a code of conduct and to whom the Dekalogo ng Katipunan was attributed.  But it was not published; instead, it was said that upon reading the Kartilya drafted by Jacinto, Bonifacio decided that it was superior to his Dekalogo, and adopted it as the official primer of the Katipunan.

5.The Kartilya was longer, more literary and philosophical.  It presented its concept of virtuous living as lessons for self reflection, rather than as direct prescriptions.

6.In the third statement, Jacinto defined true piety (kabanalan) as charity, love for one another, and actions, deeds and speech guided by judicious reasons (“talagang katuiran”, literally, true reason).

7.Instead of simply reproducing Karapatan ng Tawo, Jacinto and Bonifacio adapted and changed it in order that it may be implanted more deeply into the minds and hearts of Katipunan followers.

8.The Dekalogo had only ten points and dealt primarily with one’s duties to God, country, family, neighbor, the Katipunan and himself. It spoke of honor, charity and self-sacrifice but warned of penalty to the traitor.

9.The Kartilya can be better appreciated in its original Tagalog form because its essence was  expressed using Tagalog syntax.

10.The Kartilya was the moral and intellectual foundation used to guide the actions of Katipuneros.

2.THE PROCLAMATION OF PHILIPPINES INDEPENDENCE.

Details:

On June 12,1898 The Philippines Proclamation of Independence.

• During the Spanish-American War, Filipino rebels led by Emilio Aguinaldo proclaim the independence of the Philippines after 300 years of Spanish rule. By mid-August, Filipino rebels and U.S. troops had ousted the Spanish, but Aguinaldo’s hopes for independence were dashed when the United States formally annexed the Philippines as part of its peace treaty with Spain.

• By late 1897, the revolutionaries had been driven into the hills southeast of Manila, and Aguinaldo negotiated an agreement with the Spanish. In exchange for financial compensation and a promise of reform in the Philippines, Aguinaldo and his generals would accept exile in Hong Kong. The rebel leaders departed, and the Philippine Revolution temporarily was at an end.

In April 1898, the Spanish-American War broke out over Spain’s brutal suppression of a rebellion in Cuba. The first in a series of decisive U.S. victories occurred on May 1, 1898, when the U.S. Asiatic Squadron under Commodore George Dewey annihilated the Spanish Pacific fleet at the Battle of Manila Bay in the Philippines. From his exile, Aguinaldo made arrangements with U.S. authorities to return to the Philippines and assist the United States in the war against Spain. He landed on May 19, rallied his revolutionaries, and began liberating towns south of Manila. On June 12, he proclaimed Philippine independence and established a provincial government, of which he subsequently became head.

• His rebels, meanwhile, had encircled the Spanish in Manila and, with the support of Dewey’s squadron in Manila Bay, would surely have conquered the Spanish. Dewey, however, was waiting for U.S. ground troops, which began landing in July and took over the Filipino positions surrounding Manila. On August 8, the Spanish commander informed the United States that he would surrender the city under two conditions: The United States was to make the advance into the capital look like a battle, and under no conditions were the Filipino rebels to be allowed into the city. On August 13, the mock Battle of Manila was staged, and the Americans kept their promise to keep the Filipinos out after the city passed into their hands.

While the Americans occupied Manila and planned peace negotiations with Spain, Aguinaldo convened a revolutionary assembly, the Malolos, in September. They drew up a democratic constitution, the first ever in Asia, and a government was formed with Aguinaldo as president in January 1899. On February 4, what became known as the Philippine Insurrection began when Filipino rebels and U.S. troops skirmished inside American lines in Manila. Two days later, the U.S. Senate voted by one vote to ratify the Treaty of Paris with Spain. The Philippines were now a U.S. territory, acquired in exchange for $20 million in compensation to the Spanish.

In response, Aguinaldo formally launched a new revolt–this time against the United States. The rebels, consistently defeated in the open field, turned to guerrilla warfare, and the U.S. Congress authorized the deployment of 60,000 troops to subdue them. By the end of 1899, there were 65,000 U.S. troops in the Philippines, but the war dragged on. Many anti-imperialists in the United States, such as Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, opposed U.S. annexation of the Philippines, but in November 1900 Republican incumbent William McKinley was reelected, and the war continued.

• In 1902, an American civil government took over administration of the Philippines, and the three-year Philippine insurrection was declared to be at an end. Scattered resistance, however, persisted for several years.

More than 4,000 Americans perished suppressing the Philippines–more than 10 times the number killed in the Spanish-American War. More than 20,000 Filipino insurgents were killed, and an unknown number of civilians perished.

In 1935, the Commonwealth of the Philippines was established with U.S. approval, and Manuel Quezon was elected the country’s first president. On July 4, 1946, full independence was granted to the Republic of the Philippines by the United States.

                  Source:(history.com)

10 FACTS AND INFORMATION ABOUT PHILIPPINES INDEPENDENCE.

1.The Philippines should celebrate June 4 rather than June 12.

  •Because June 4 Independence Proclamation is not honored by Spain nor America.

2.President Diosdado Macapagal who officially declared independence Day on June 12.

•

Serena Estrella

By Serena Estrella in Filipinos in Australia

June 11, 2016

Five Little-Known Facts About Philippine Independence Day

 

Even to the most casual observer, the Philippines comes across as a melting-pot of many cultures. Its people have the distinct look and skin color of the Malay race, worship at cathedrals and churches that date all the way back to the Spanish Occupation, and read or speak Americanized English just as well as their native language. For good or for ill, centuries of being under so many colonizing powers has shaped our country into what it is today.

 

When I was a wee kid, I always looked forward to June 12 simply because classes would always be suspended for the day. But thanks to years of further study under a handful of brilliant (and reasonably good-looking) history professors and the sheer amount of data available on the Internet, I came across some interesting tidbits that made me appreciate the holiday a bit more, such as: hisource:knappily.com

 

1. Strictly speaking, the Philippines should celebrate Independence Day on July 4, rather than June 12.

  As though we don’t have enough in common with the US already (hello, Spam), the Fourth of July should virtually have the same significance for Filipinos and Americans alike. While June 12, 1898 does mark the day when Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo ratified the Proclamation of Independence and consequently became the first President of the Philippine Republic, neither Spain nor America recognized this declaration. Instead, Spain opted to cede over control and ownership of the Philippines to the US as part of their peace treaty with the latter, thus ending the Spanish-American War.   Philippine Independence from Spaniards

All things considered, we simply went from being a Spanish colony to an American one on that day in 1898. It would take revolting against two more colonizers in the form of the Americans and the Japanese before full independence would be granted to our country by the US government on July 4, 1946.

 

2. It was President Diosdado Macapagal who officially declared June 12 as Independence Day.

  •Thus, a case was made for celebrating Philippine Independence Day on June 12 instead, and this was made official by then-President Macapagal through Proclamation no. 28 back in 1962. We’ve celebrated the holiday on the same day since.

3.The road to independence day is not began from soldiers but from Filipino priest.

4.The National Flag and the National Anthem makes debut on the First day Of Independence.

  •Before the proclamation of Independence on June 4 1898.Aguinaldo scetch the design of the Philippine flag and Marcela Agoncillo stitched the flag with his eldest daughter and friends.While the national anthem was composed by Julian Felipe.

5.The three stars in the flag originally stand for Luzon, Panay and Mindanao.

While most Filipinos today know that the three stars represent the three major island groups: Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao, the stars were originally meant to represent Luzon, Panay and Mindanao where the revolutionary movement began.

6.The colors of the Philippine flag can be used as signals.

One thing that makes the Philippine flag unique is that its colors not only symbolize things, they are also used to indicate the nation’s current state. In peaceful times, the flag is raised with the blue strip on top. On the other hand, if the country is in a state of war, the flag will be flown with the red strip on top.

7.The Philippines Independence was proclamed in Aguinaldo's House in Kawit,Cavite.

8.Filipinos formed a secret society to rebel against Spain.

This secret society was formed in Manila in 1892. Emilio Aguinaldo joined the group in 1894 and became the leader. As the society’s numbers began to grow, the Spanish discovered their plans forcing them to act sooner than originally planned.

9.According to Julian Filepe the proclamation of Independence was at Sunday afternoon between 4 to 5 pm.

10.The original copy of the Proclamation of Philippine Independence is kept in the National Library.

3.MAGELLAN'S FIRST VOYAGE AROUND THE WORLD.BY ANTONIO PIGAFFETA.

Details:

Antonio Pigafetta also wrote a book, in which a detailed account of the voyage was given. It is quite unclear when it was first published and what language had been used in the first edition. The remaining sources of his voyage were extensively studied by Italian archivist Andrea da Mosto, who wrote a critical study of Pigafetta's book in 1898 (Il primo viaggio intorno al globo di Antonio Pigafetta e le sue regole sull'arte del navigare[3]) and whose conclusions were later confirmed by J. Dénucé.[4]

Today, three printed books and four manuscripts survive. One of the three books is in French, while the remaining two are in Italian language. Of the four manuscripts, three are in French (two stored in the Bibliothèque nationale de France and one in Cheltenham), and one in Italian.[4]

From a philological point of view, the French editions seem to derive from an Italian original version, while the remaining Italian editions seem to derive from a French original version.Because of this, it remains quite unclear whether the original version of Pigafetta's manuscript was in French or Italian, though it was probably in Italian.[4] The most complete manuscript, and the one that is supposed to be more closely related to the original manuscript, is the one found by Carlo Amoretti inside the Biblioteca Ambrosiana, Milan and published in 1800 (Primo viaggio intorno al globo terraqueo, ossia ragguaglio della navigazione alle Indie Orientali per la via d'Occidente fatta dal cavaliere Antonio Pigafetta patrizio vicentino, sulla squadra del capitano Magaglianes negli anni 1519-1522). Unfortunately, Amoretti, in his printed edition, modified many words and sentences whose meaning was uncertain (the original manuscript contained many words in Veneto dialect and some Spanish words). The modified version published by Amoretti was then translated into other languages carrying into them Amoretti's edits. Andrea da Mosto critically analyzed the original version Regarding the French versions of Pigafetta's book, J. Dénucé extensively studied them and published a critical edition.

At the end of his book, Pigafetta stated that he had given a copy to Charles V. Pigafetta's close friend, Francesco Chiericati, also stated that he had received a copy and it is thought[by whom?] that the regent of France may have received a copy of the latter. It has been argued that the copy Pigafetta had provided may have been merely a short version or a draft. It was in response to a request, in January 1523, of the Marquis of Mantua that Pigafetta wrote his detailed account of the voyage.

10 Facts and Information

1.This book was written by Antonio Pegafetta

2.This all about the voyage Of Magellan

3.From a philological point of view, the French editions seem to derive from an Italian original version, while the remaining Italian editions seem to derive from a French original version.

4.Antonio Pigafetta also wrote a book, in which a detailed account of the voyage was given.

5.It was in response to a request, in January 1523, of the Marquis of Mantua that Pigafetta wrote his detailed account of the voyage

6.Antonio Pigafetta was a key player of one of the most amazing world exploration trips.He was born in Vicenza in 1492, and he was an Italian seafarer and geographer.

7.Antonio Pigafetta, fascinating and fleeing personality, for scholars he still represents a partial mystery.

8.They arrived in the Philippines, where they became acquainted with the natives who proved hospitable and welcomed them as guests in the king’s palace. The indigenous people, affected by the celebration of Mass and the crucifix planted in the island, promised to convert to Christianity

9.The surviving ships continued toward Borneo and to the city of Brunei, where they managed to stock up, then from there, traveling southbound, they came to the Moluccas, 27 months after the departure from Spain, finding a warm welcome by an astrologer king who had predicted their arrival.

10.That land of Verzin is wealthier and larger than Spagnia, Fransa, and Italia, put together, and belongs to the king of Portugalo. The people of that land are not Christians, and have no manner of worship.